Aluminum powders refer to aluminum metal in a powder form, composed of fine aluminum particles. They exhibit unique properties that make them suitable for applications in areas ranging from metallurgy and chemicals manufacturing to pyrotechnics and propulsion. Here is an overview of different types, production methods, properties, applications, and suppliers of aluminum powders.
Types of Aluminum Powders
There are two main types of aluminum powders:
| Soorten | Beschrijving |
|---|---|
| Bolvormig poeder | Consists of spherical or rounded particles produced through atomization process |
| Irregular powder | Composed of non-spherical, flakey, irregularly shaped particles produced via milling or grinding |
Belangrijkste verschillen: Spherical powders have higher bulk density and flowability but cost more. Irregular powders have lower density and flow but are cheaper.
Samenstelling en eigenschappen
Aluminum powders contain high levels of aluminum metal along with small amounts of other elements:
| Element | Samenstelling bereik |
|---|---|
| Aluminium (Al) | ≥ 96% |
| Silicium (Si) | 0.5-1.5% |
| Ijzer (Fe) | 0.4-0.8% |
| Koper (Cu) | 0 – 0.15% |
Belangrijkste eigenschappen:
- High chemical reactivity with oxidizing agents
- Low density – around 1.2 g/cm3
- Hoge thermische en elektrische geleidbaarheid
- Silver-gray color and appearance
Productie methodes
There are three main industrial production routes:
- Verneveling – Melted aluminum is broken into droplets that solidify into powder
- Frezen – Mechanical grinding of aluminum metal into fine particles
- Elektrolyse – Electrochemical reduction of alumina into fine aluminum
Atomization is the most common method, allowing high volumes of spherical powder. Milling gives irregular shapes for niche uses.
Aluminum Powder Grades and Sizes
Aluminum powders are available in various standard grades and sizes:
| Cijfer | Deeltjesgroottebereik | Average Size |
|---|---|---|
| Ruw | 44 – 150 μm | 75 μm |
| Medium | 15 – 44 μm | 25 µm |
| Prima | 1 – 15 μm | 5 μm |
| Extra fine | < 1 μm | 0.5 μm |
Common industrial grade names include:
- Aluminum bronze powder
- Atomized aluminum powder
- Aluminum flake powder
Applications of Aluminum Powders
Key uses stem from aluminum’s reactive nature, low density, and conductive properties:
| Industrie | Major Applications |
|---|---|
| Metals & Materials | Additive manufacturing powders, brake pads, sand castings |
| Chemicaliën | Pyrotechnics, explosives, solid rocket propellants |
| Automobiel | Auto paint pigments, friction modifiers |
| Elektronica | Conductive films, pastes, thermal management |
| Bouw | Thermite welding agents, reactive powder concrete |
Other niches: 3D printing, diamonds tools, inks, and decorative coatings.
Aluminum Powder Suppliers
Leading global suppliers include:
| Bedrijf | Plaats |
|---|---|
| Toyal America Inc | VS |
| UC RUnited StatesL | Groot-Brittannië |
| Hokkaido Alpine Co Ltd | Japan |
| Noranda Aluminum | Canada |
| Henan Yuanyang Powder Technology | China |
Pricing is approximately $3-6 per kg for typical industrial-grade powder.
Vergelijking van Aluminiumpoeder
| Parameter | Bolvormig | Onregelmatig |
|---|---|---|
| Vloeibaarheid | Uitstekend | Arm |
| Verpakkingsdichtheid | High 0.7-1.2 g/cc | Low <0.5 g/cc |
| Kosten | Hoger | Lager |
| Reactivity | Gematigd | Hoog |
| Automation suitability | Ideal | Uitdagend |
Belangrijkste opmerkingen
- Spherical, atomized powders have better handling but irregular types maximize surface area and reactivity at a lower cost.
- Finer grades below 10 microns show stronger explosive potentials needing cautious handling.
- Aluminum powders drive innovation in materials technology through unique chemistry and metastability.
Veelgestelde vragen
What are the hazards of aluminum powders?
As reactive metals, aluminum powders can pose explosion hazards when handled incorrectly, especially at particle sizes under 5 microns. They require inert storage conditions and safety measures.
What is aluminum powder coating?
Aluminum powder coating refers to a specialized protective finish containing aluminum pigments. It is applied through electrostatic spraying and baked to form a decorative and corrosion-resistant coating.
What is the difference between aluminum flake and aluminum paste?
Aluminum flake contains leafing aluminum pigments with high aspect ratios used in coatings. Aluminum paste has the flake dispersed in a liquid carrier for easier application as a thick film paint or polish.
What is the shelf life of aluminum powders?
Properly stored aluminum powders have an approximate shelf life of up to 3 years before noticeable oxidation effects. Finer grades under 10 microns deteriorate faster and require moisture-free inert storage. Reactive specialty grades like pyro powders are the most sensitive.
